法律即正义？ (1988)

...And Justice for All is the fourth studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on September 7, 1988, by Elektra Records. It was Metallica's first full-length studio album to feature bassist Jason Newsted following the death of Cliff Burton in 1986. Burton received posthumous co-writing credit on "To Live Is to Die".

Metallica recorded the album with producer Flemming Rasmussen over four months in early 1988 at One on One Recording Studios in Los Angeles. It features aggressive complexity, fast tempos, and few verse-chorus structures. The lyrics cover themes of political and legal injustices, government corruption, censorship, and war. The cover depicts Lady Justice bound in ropes with dollar bills from her scales. The album title is derived from the last four words of the American Pledge of Allegiance.

To further promote ...And Justice for All, the band embarked on the Damaged Justice tour, and released three singles. "Harvester of Sorrow" reached the top 20 in the UK singles chart, and "One"—and the band's first music video—garnered significant airplay. The album topped the charts in Finland and received multi-platinum certifications in Australia, Canada and Germany. In the United States, the album reached number six on the Billboard 200 and was certified eight-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in 2003.

...And Justice for All was acclaimed for its depth and complexity, although its dry mix and nearly inaudible bass guitar were criticized. It was included in The Village Voice's annual Pazz & Jop critics' poll of the year's best albums, and was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1989, controversially losing out to Jethro Tull in the Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrumental category. Retrospective reviews rank it among Metallica's best works. It was remastered and reissued as an expanded box set in 2018.

Background

...And Justice for All is the first Metallica album to feature bassist Jason Newsted after the death of Cliff Burton in 1986; Newsted had previously played on the 1987 Metallica EP The $5.98 E.P. – Garage Days Re-Revisited. Metallica had intended to record the album earlier, but was sidetracked by the large number of festival dates scheduled for the summer of 1987, including the European leg of the Monsters of Rock festival. Another reason was frontman James Hetfield's arm injury in a skateboarding accident.

Metallica's previous studio album, Master of Puppets (1986), was their last under their contract with the record label Music for Nations. Manager Peter Mensch wanted them to sign with British record distributor Phonogram Records. Phonogram manager Martin Hooker offered them "well over £1 million, which at that time was the biggest deal we'd ever offered anyone". He explained that the final figure for combined British and European sales of all three Metallica albums was more than 1.5 million copies.